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1.
Chinese Journal of Medical Genetics ; (6): 847-850, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-981834

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the clinical feature and genetic etiology of a patient with normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (nIHH) due to variant of CHD7 gene.@*METHODS@#A patient who had presented at Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital in October 2022 was selected as the study subject. Clinical data of the patient was collected. The patient and his parents were subjected to trio-whole exome sequencing. Candidate variant was verified by Sanger sequencing and bioinformatic analysis.@*RESULTS@#The patient had featured delayed development of secondary sexual characteristics but normal olfactory function. Genetic testing revealed that he has harbored a c.3052C>T (p.Pro1018Ser) missense variant of the CHD7 gene, for which both of his parents were of the wild type. The variant has not been recorded in the PubMed and HGMD databases. Analysis of amino acid sequences suggested that the variant site is highly conserved, and the variant may affect the stability of protein structure. Based on the guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics, the c.3032C>T variant was classified as a likely pathogenic (PS2+PM2_Supporting+PP2+PP3+PP4).@*CONCLUSION@#The delayed development of secondary sexual characteristics of the patient may be attributed to the c.3052C>T (p.Pro1018Ser) variant of the CHD7 gene. Above finding has expanded the variation spectrum of the CHD7 gene.


Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Male , Amino Acid Sequence , Computational Biology , DNA Helicases/genetics , DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics , Genetic Testing , Genomics , Hypogonadism/genetics , Mutation
2.
National Journal of Andrology ; (12): 899-903, 2021.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-922173

ABSTRACT

Objective@#To compare the efficiency of the target gene panel method and whole-exome sequencing (WES) in detecting idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH), and select a more suitable gene detection method.@*METHODS@#We selected 24 genes closely related to the molecular pathogenesis of IHH to make up the gene panel, detected the mutation sites in 73 patients with IHH using the panel method, and verified the results of sequencing with the Sanger method. Using the key words "idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism", we searched databases for relevant literature, calculated the positive rate of IHH detected by WES and compared it with that detected with the panel method.@*RESULTS@#Of the 73 cases of IHH detected with the panel method, 7 were found with pathogenic mutations, including 2 cases of FGFR1, 2 cases of CHD7, 2 cases of KISS1R, and 1 case of NR5A1 mutation. Sanger sequencing showed that the positive rate of the panel method was 9.7%. Of the 1 336 articles retrieved, 5 met the inclusion criteria and were included, in which WES revealed a positive rate of about 30%.@*CONCLUSIONS@#For detection of the diseases with clear mutated genes, the panel method is relatively inexpensive and has a high sequencing depth, while for detection of the diseases with complicated genetic patterns and unclear mutated genes, WES is more efficient. Further studies are needed for choice of the two methods for different purpose of detection./.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Hypogonadism/genetics , Exome Sequencing
3.
Chinese Journal of Medical Genetics ; (6): 1384-1386, 2020.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-879505

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the clinical and genetic characteristics of a child featuring developmental delay.@*METHODS@#The child was subjected to whole exome sequencing. Candidate variant was verified by Sanger sequencing.@*RESULTS@#Whole genome sequencing revealed that the child has carried compound heterozygous variants c.2607-1G>C and c.899 + 2dupT of the RAB3GAP1 gene, which were respectively derived from her mother and father.@*CONCLUSION@#A rare case of Warburg micro syndrome type 1 was diagnosed. The phenotype of the child was consistent with the literature, in addition with dysplasia of palatine arch, prominent high palatal arch and tooth dysplasia. Above finding has provided a basis for genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis for the family.


Subject(s)
Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Abnormalities, Multiple/genetics , Cataract/genetics , Cornea/abnormalities , Hypogonadism/genetics , Intellectual Disability/genetics , Microcephaly/genetics , Mutation , Optic Atrophy/genetics , Exome Sequencing , rab3 GTP-Binding Proteins/genetics
4.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 74(7): 587-596, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-787364

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) represents a heterogeneous and complex group of inherited neurodegenerative diseases, characterized by excessive iron accumulation, particularly in the basal ganglia. Common clinical features of NBIA include movement disorders, particularly parkinsonism and dystonia, cognitive dysfunction, pyramidal signs, and retinal abnormalities. The forms of NBIA described to date include pantothenase kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN), phospholipase A2 associated neurodegeneration (PLAN), neuroferritinopathy, aceruloplasminemia, beta-propeller protein-associated neurodegeneration (BPAN), Kufor-Rakeb syndrome, mitochondrial membrane protein-associated neurodegeneration (MPAN), fatty acid hydroxylase-associated neurodegeneration (FAHN), coenzyme A synthase protein-associated neurodegeneration (CoPAN) and Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome. This review is a diagnostic approach for NBIA cases, from clinical features and brain imaging findings to the genetic etiology.


RESUMO A neurodegeneração com acúmulo cerebral de ferro (sigla em inglês NBIA) representa um grupo heterogêneo e complexo de doenças neurodegenerativas hereditárias, caracterizada pelo acúmulo cerebral de ferro, especialmente nos núcleos da base. O quadro clínico das NBIAs em geral inclui distúrbios do movimento, particularmente parkinsonismo e distonia, disfunção cognitiva, sinais piramidais e anormalidades da retina. As formas de NBIA descritas até o momento incluem neurodegeneração associada a pantothenase kinase (PKAN), neurodegeneração associada a phospholipase A2 (PLAN), neuroferritinopatia, aceruloplasminemia, neurodegeneração associada a beta-propeller protein (BPAN), síndrome de Kufor-Rakeb, neurodegeneração associada a mitochondrial membrane protein (MPAN), neurodegeneração associada a “fatty acid hydroxylase” (FAHN), neurodegeneração associada a coenzyme A synthase protein (CoPAN) e síndrome de Woodhouse-Sakati. Esta revisão é uma orientação para o diagnóstico das NBIAs, partindo das características clínicas e achados de neuroimagem, até a etiologia genética.


Subject(s)
Humans , Neuroaxonal Dystrophies/genetics , Neuroaxonal Dystrophies/diagnostic imaging , Iron Metabolism Disorders/genetics , Iron Metabolism Disorders/diagnostic imaging , Neuroimaging/methods , Mutation , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/genetics , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/diagnostic imaging , Basal Ganglia Diseases/genetics , Basal Ganglia Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Ceruloplasmin/deficiency , Ceruloplasmin/genetics , Coenzyme A Ligases/genetics , Heredodegenerative Disorders, Nervous System/genetics , Heredodegenerative Disorders, Nervous System/diagnostic imaging , Diabetes Mellitus/genetics , Diabetes Mellitus/diagnostic imaging , Alopecia/genetics , Alopecia/diagnostic imaging , Hypogonadism/genetics , Hypogonadism/diagnostic imaging
6.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 57(7): 562-565, out. 2013. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-690596

ABSTRACT

Mutation on NROB1 (DAX1) gene can cause different phenotypes of adrenal insufficiency in infancy. Long-term evolution of these patients shows that it is possible to have an association with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. In this article we describe the evolution of a patient with NROB1 gene mutation, diagnosed with a mild form of adrenal insufficiency, and we highlight the presence of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and short stature, besides the presence of attention deficit disorder. Such associations should make physicians aware during the follow-up of patients with this disease.


Mutações no gene NROB1 (DAX1) podem levar a quadros de insuficiência adrenal com diferentes formas de apresentação na infância. A evolução a longo prazo desses pacientes mostra que pode haver associação com hipogonadismo hipogonadotrófico. Neste artigo, relatamos a evolução de um paciente com uma mutação do gene NROB1, diagnosticado com uma forma leve de insuficiência adrenal, na qual chamamos a atenção para a evolução com hipogonadismo hipogonadotrófico e baixa estatura final, além de apresentar transtorno de déficit de atenção. Tais associações devem ser motivo de atenção para os médicos no seguimento de pacientes portadores dessa alteração.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital/genetics , Adrenal Insufficiency/genetics , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/physiopathology , DAX-1 Orphan Nuclear Receptor/genetics , Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/genetics , Hypogonadism/genetics , Mutation/genetics , Hypogonadism/drug therapy , Penis/growth & development , Testosterone/administration & dosage
7.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 56(9): 646-652, Dec. 2012. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-660280

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the presence of variants in the TAC3 and TACR3 genes, which encode NKB and its receptor (NK3R), respectively, in a large cohort of patients with idiopathic central pubertal disorders. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Two hundred and thirty seven patients were studied: 114 with central precocious puberty (CPP), 73 with normosmic isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH), and 50 with constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP). The control group consisted of 150 Brazilian individuals with normal pubertal development. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and the entire coding region of both TAC3 and TACR3 genes were amplified and automatically sequenced. RESULTS: We identified one variant (p.A63P) in NKB and four variants, p.G18D, p.L58L (c.172C>T), p.W275* and p.A449S in NK3R, which were absent in the control group. The p.A63P variant was identified in a girl with CPP, and p.A449S in a girl with CDGP. The known p.G18D, p.L58L, and p.W275* variants were identified in three unrelated males with normosmic IHH. CONCLUSION: Rare variants in the TAC3 and TACR3 genes were identified in patients with central pubertal disorders. Loss-of-function variants of TACR3 were associated with the normosmic IHH phenotype. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2012;56(9):646-52.


OBJETIVO: Investigar a presença de variantes nos genes TAC3 e TACR3, os quais codificam a NKB e seu receptor (NK3R), respectivamente, em uma coorte de pacientes com distúrbios puberais centrais idiopáticos. SUJEITOS E MÉTODOS: Duzentos e trinta e sete pacientes foram estudados: 114 com puberdade precoce central (PPC), 73 com hipogonadismo hipogonadotrófico isolado normósmico (HHI) e 50 com retardo constitucional do crescimento e desenvolvimento (RCCD). O grupo controle consistiu de 150 indivíduos brasileiros que apresentaram desenvolvimento puberal normal. O DNA genômico foi extraído de sangue periférico, e as regiões codificadoras dos genes TAC3 e TACR3 foram amplificadas e sequenciadas automaticamente. RESULTADOS: Uma variante (p.A63P) foi identificada na NKB, e quatro variantes, p.G18D, p.L58L (c.172C>T), p.W275X e p.A449S, foram identificadas no NK3R, as quais foram ausentes no grupo controle. A variante p.A63P foi identificada em uma menina com PPC, e a variante p.A449S, em uma menina com RCCD. As variantes previamente descritas, p.G18D, p.L58L e p.W275X, foram identificadas em três indivíduos com HHI normósmico do sexo masculino não relacionados. CONCLUSÃO: Variantes raras nos genes TAC3 e TACR3 foram identificadas em pacientes com distúrbios puberais centrais idiopáticos. Mutações de perda de função no gene TACR3 foram associadas com o fenótipo de HHI normósmico. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2012;56(9):646-52.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Growth Disorders/genetics , Hypogonadism/genetics , Neurokinin B/genetics , Puberty, Delayed/genetics , Puberty, Precocious/genetics , /genetics , Case-Control Studies , Cohort Studies , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics
8.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 56(8): 496-500, Nov. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-660256

ABSTRACT

We report a case of adrenal hypoplasia congenita (AHC) and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) due to a novel DAX1 mutation. A 19-month-old boy with hyperpigmentation and failure to thrive came to our service for investigation. Three brothers of the patient had died due to adrenal failure, and a maternal cousin had adrenal insufficiency. Adrenoleukodystrophy was excluded. MRI showed normal pituitary and hypothalamus. Plasma hormone evaluation revealed high ACTH (up to 2,790 pg/mL), and low levels of androstenedione, DHEA-S, 11-deoxycortisol, and cortisol. At 14 years of age the patient was still prepubescent, his weight was 43.6 kg (SDS: -0.87) and his height was 161 cm (SDS: -0.36), with normal body proportions. In the GnRH test, basal and maximum values of LH and FSH were respectively 0.6/2.1 and < 1.0/< 1.0 U/L. Molecular investigation identified a novel mutation that consists of a deletion of codon 372 (AAC; asparagine) in exon 1 of DAX1. This mutation was not found in a study of 200 alleles from normal individuals. Prediction site analysis indicated that this alteration, located in the DAX1 ligand-binding domain, may damage DAX1 protein. We hypothesize that the novel (p.Asp372del) DAX1 mutation might be able to cause a disruption of DAX1 function, and is probably involved in the development of AHC and HH in this patient. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2012;56(8):496-500.


Relatamos um caso de hipoplasia adrenal congênita (HAC) e hipogonadismo hipogonadotrófico (HH) causado por uma nova mutação do gene DAX1. Paciente do sexo masculino com 19 meses de idade, hiperpigmentação e desenvolvimento inadequado foi encaminhado ao nosso serviço. Antecedente familiar de três irmãos falecidos por falência da adrenal, e um primo materno portador de insuficiência adrenal. Excluída a hipótese de adrenoleucodistrofia. A RM demonstrou hipófise e hipotálamo normais. Os níveis de hormônios plasmáticos mostraram alta concentração de ACTH (até 2.790 pg/mL) e baixos níveis de androstenediona, DHEA-S, 11-deoxicortisol e cortisol. Aos 14 anos de idade, o paciente ainda era pré-púbere, com peso de 43,6 kg (SDS: -0,87) e altura de 161 cm (SDS: -0,36), proporcionado. O teste do GnRH mostrou níveis basais e máximos de LH e FSH, respectivamente, iguais a 0,6/2,1 e < 1,0/< 1,0 U/L. A análise molecular identificou uma nova mutação que consiste da deleção do códon 372 (AAC; asparagina) no éxon 1 do gene DAX1. Essa mutação não foi encontrada em 200 alelos de indivíduos normais. A análise no site PredictProtein indicou que essa alteração, localizada no domínio de ligação do DAX1, pode danificar a proteína. Nossa hipótese é que essa nova mutação (p.Asp372del) do gene DAX1 pode levar a uma alteração na função da proteína DAX1 e está provavelmente envolvida no desenvolvimento da HAC e HH nesse paciente. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2012;56(8):496-500.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Male , Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital/genetics , DAX-1 Orphan Nuclear Receptor/genetics , Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/genetics , Hypogonadism/genetics , Mutation/genetics , Pedigree
9.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 56(8): 540-544, Nov. 2012. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-660263

ABSTRACT

We report a novel GNRHR mutation in a male with normosmic isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (nIHH). The coding region of the GNRHR gene was amplified and sequenced. Three variants p.[Asn10Lys;Gln11Lys]; [Tyr283His] were identified in the GNRHR coding region in a male with sporadic complete nIHH. The three variants were absent in the controls (130 normal adults). Familial segregation showed that the previously described p.Asn10Lys and p.Gln11Lys are in the same allele, in compound heterozygozity with the novel variant p.Tyr283His. The p.[Asn10Lys;Gln11Lys] are known inactivating mutations. The p.Tyr283His affects a well-conserved residue, and in silico analysis suggested it is a deleterious variant. We describe a novel GNRHR mutation in a male with nIHH. Absence of the mutation in the control group, conservation among species, in silico analysis, and familial segregation suggest that p.Tyr283His, which was identified in compound heterozygozity with the p.[Asn10Lys;Gln11Lys] variants, is an inactivating mutation. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2012;56(8):540-4.


Relatamos uma nova mutação no gene GNRHR em um homem com hipogonadismo hipogonadotrófico isolado normósmico (HHIn). A região codificadora do gene GNRHR foi amplificada e sequenciada. Três variantes p.[Asn10Lys;Gln11Lys]; [Tyr283His] foram identificadas no GNRHR em um homem com HHIn esporádico. As três variantes estavam ausentes no grupo controle (130 adultos normais). A segregação familiar mostrou que as variantes previamente descritas p.[Asn10Lys;Gln11Lys] se localizavam no mesmo alelo, em heterozigose composta com a nova variante p.Tyr283His. As mutações p.[Asn10Lys;Gln11Lys] são sabidamente inativadoras. A variante p.Tyr283His afeta um resíduo bem conservado, e a análise in silico sugeriu que essa é uma mutação deletéria. Descrevemos uma mutação inédita no gene GNRHR em um paciente com HHIn nIHH. A ausência da variante no grupo controle, a conservação entre as espécies, a análise in silico e a segregação familiar sugerem que a p.Tyr283His é uma mutação inativadora, identificada em heterozigose composta com as mutações p.[Asn10Lys;Gln11Lys]. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2012;56(8):540-4.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Humans , Male , Hypogonadism/genetics , Mutation/genetics , Receptors, LHRH/genetics , Androgens/administration & dosage , Case-Control Studies , Hypogonadism/drug therapy , Testosterone/administration & dosage , Testosterone/analogs & derivatives
10.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 55(8): 501-511, nov. 2011. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-610449

ABSTRACT

O hipogonadismo hipogonadotrófico isolado (HHI) congênito caracteriza-se pela falta completa ou parcial de desenvolvimento puberal em decorrência de defeitos na migração, síntese, secreção ou ação do hormônio liberador de gonadotrofinas (GnRH). Baixas concentrações de esteroides sexuais e valores reduzidos ou inapropriadamente normais de gonadotrofinas hipofisárias (LH e FSH) definem, do ponto de vista laboratorial, essa condição clínica. A secreção dos demais hormônios hipofisários encontra-se normal, bem como a ressonância magnética de região hipotalâmica-hipofisária, demonstrando a ausência de uma causa anatômica. Alterações olfatórias, como anosmia ou hiposmia, podem estar associadas ao HHI, caracterizando a síndrome de Kallmann. Uma lista crescente de genes está envolvida na etiologia do HHI, sugerindo a heterogeneidade e a complexidade da base genética dessa condição. Distúrbios na rota de migração dos neurônios secretores de GnRH e dos neurônios olfatórios formam a base clínico-patológica da síndrome de Kallmann. Mutações nos genes KAL1, FGFR1/FGF8, PROK2/PROKR2, NELF, CHD7, HS6ST1 e WDR11 foram associadas a defeitos de migração neuronal, causando a síndrome de Kallmann. É notável que defeitos nos genes FGFR1, FGF8, PROKR2, CHD7 e WDR11 foram também associados ao HHI sem alterações olfatórias (HHI normósmico), porém em menor frequência. Adicionalmente, defeitos nos KISS1R, TAC3/TACR3 e GNRH1/GNRHR foram descritos exclusivamente em pacientes com HHI normósmico. Neste trabalho, revisaremos as características clínicas, hormonais e genéticas do HHI.


Congenital isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) is characterized by partial or complete lack of pubertal development due to defects in migration, synthesis, secretion or action of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Laboratory diagnosis is based on the presence of low levels of sex steroids, associated with low or inappropriately normal levels of pituitary gonadotropins (LH and FSH). Secretion of other pituitary hormones is normal, as well magnetic resonance imaging of the hypothalamohypophyseal tract, which shows absence of an anatomical defects. When IHH is associated with olfactory abnormalities (anosmia or hyposmia), it characterizes Kallmann syndrome. A growing list of genes is involved in the etiology of IHH, suggesting the heterogeneity and complexity of the genetic bases of this condition. Defects in olfactory and GnRH neuron migration are the etiopathogenic basis of Kallmann syndrome. Mutations in KAL1, FGFR1/FGF8, PROK2/PROKR2, NELF, CHD7, HS6ST1 and WDR11 are associated with defects in neuronal migration, leading to Kallmann syndrome. Notably, defects in FGFR1, FGF8, PROKR2, CHD7 and WDR11 are also associated with IHH, without olfactory abnormalities (normosmic IHH), although in a lower frequency. Mutations in KISS1R, TAC3/TACR3 and GNRH1/GNRHR are described exclusively in patients with normosmic IHH. In this paper, we reviewed the clinical, hormonal and genetic aspects of IHH.


Subject(s)
Humans , Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/genetics , Hypogonadism/genetics , Kallmann Syndrome/genetics , Mutation/genetics , Cell Movement/genetics , Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone , Hypogonadism/congenital , Neurons
11.
Rev. chil. endocrinol. diabetes ; 4(2): 126-135, abr. 2011. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-640600

ABSTRACT

Pulsatile secretion of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) by the hipothalamus and its action on the pituitary gland is a complex process involving many pre and post natal events. For example, migration of GnRH neurons from the olfactory placode, GnRH release and signalling, normal anterior pituitary development and function are all needed to allow GnRH to stimulate pulsaltile pituitary secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and liteinizing hormone (LH). Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism can be the result of absent or inadequate GnRH secretion or action. Abnormalities in gonadotropin hormone release and function can arise from mutations in a variety of genes implicated in hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is continually growing. A given genotype at a single locus cannot reliably predict the phenotypic manifestations in any given member of affected families. Thus, the identification and characterization of these mutations are providing important information about the reproductive axis in humans and may result in improved treatment and counselling for patients with infertility.


Subject(s)
Humans , Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/biosynthesis , Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/genetics , Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone , Fertility , Follicle Stimulating Hormone , Gonadotropins/biosynthesis , Gonadotropins/genetics , Gonadotropins , Hypogonadism/genetics , Luteinizing Hormone , Mutation , Pituitary Gland , Reproduction , Kallmann Syndrome/genetics
12.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 54(8): 744-748, Nov. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-578350

ABSTRACT

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) resulting from 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disease and the second most common form of CAH in Brazil. We describe the case of a Brazilian patient with CYP17 deficiency (17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency) caused by a homozygous p.R96W mutation on exon 1 of the CYP17 gene, an unusual genotype in Brazilian patients with this form of CAH. The patient, raised as a normal female, sought medical care for lack of pubertal signs and primary amenorrhea at the age of 16 years. At evaluation, the presence of a 46,XY karyotype, hypertension and hypokalemia were observed. We emphasize the recognition of CYP17 deficiency in the differential diagnosis of cases of hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism and hypertension in young patients who need specific treatment for both situations.


A hiperplasia adrenal congênita (HAC), em razão da deficiência de 17α-hidroxilase/17,20-liase, é uma doença autossômica recessiva rara e a segunda causa mais comum de HAC no Brasil. Descrevemos o caso de um paciente brasileiro portador da deficiência 17α-hidroxilase/17,20- liase (CYP17) em homozigose para a mutação p.R96W no éxon 1 do gene da CYP17A1, uma mutação incomum entre os casos brasileiros descritos com essa forma de HAC. Esse paciente, criado como um indivíduo normal do sexo feminino, procurou atendimento por ausência de sinais puberais e amenorreia primária aos 16 anos de idade. Durante a avaliação, constataram-se um cariótipo 46,XY e a presença de hipertensão e hipocalemia. Enfatizamos o reconhecimento da deficiência da CYP17 dentre os possíveis diagnósticos em um paciente jovem com hipogonadismo hipergonadotrófico e hipertensão, os quais necessitam de tratamento particularizado para ambas as situações.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital/genetics , Hypogonadism/genetics , Mutation/genetics , /genetics , Brazil , Homozygote , Hypertension/genetics
13.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 52(8): 1282-1287, Nov. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-503314

ABSTRACT

SHOX is exclusively expressed in the developing distal limb bones of human embryos and in the first and second pharyngeal arches. It works as a promoter for linear growth and as a repressor of growth plate fusion. It was reported, recently, that SHOX overdosage and gonadal estrogen deficiency have led to tall stature due to continued growth. We report, in the present study, a female patient with 45,X/46,X, psu idic(X)(pter→q21::q21→pter) karyotype, tall stature, and hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism without Turner stigmas. She did not present breast development even after long term therapy with high estrogen doses. Fluorescence in situ hybridization depicted the presence of three copies of SHOX gene. Microsatellite studies showed paternal origin of der(X). Further studies in similarly affected patients will clarify if the absence of breast development, despite previous high-dose estrogen treatment, is associated to triple copy of SHOX gene.


O gene SHOX é expresso, exclusivamente, no primeiro e no segundo arcos faríngeos, assim como nas extremidades dos ossos dos membros em embriões humanos. SHOX normalmente atua como um promotor para o crescimento linear e como um repressor do fechamento da placa de crescimento. Recentemente, foi descrito que o excesso da proteína SHOX associada à deficiência estrogênica gonadal leva à estatura alta devido ao contínuo crescimento. Neste estudo descrevemos uma paciente do sexo feminino com cariótipo 45,X/46,X,psu idic(X)(pter→q21::q21→pter), estatura alta, hipogonadismo hipergonadotrófico e sem estigmas de Turner. A paciente não apresentou desenvolvimento de mamas, mesmo depois do tratamento prolongado com altas doses de estrógenos. FISH evidenciou a presença de três cópias do SHOX. Estudo de microssatélites demonstrou a origem paterna do der(X). Estudos futuros em pacientes com semelhanças clínicas esclarecerão se a ausência de desenvolvimento de mamas, apesar do tratamento com altas doses de estrógenos, está associada à tripla cópia do SHOX.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Breast/abnormalities , Estrogen Replacement Therapy , Growth Disorders/metabolism , Homeodomain Proteins/genetics , Hypogonadism/genetics , Body Height/genetics , Breast/growth & development , Breast/metabolism , Gene Dosage/genetics , Hypogonadism/drug therapy , Karyotyping , Sex Characteristics
14.
Clinics ; 60(6): 461-464, Dec. 2005. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-418492

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a freqüência da variante alélica (Trp8Arg/Ile15Thr) do gene da subunidade b do hormônio luteinizante em um grupo de brasileiros saudáveis e em pacientes portadores de hipogonadismo hipogonadotrófico.CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODOS: Duzentos e dois adultos (115 mulheres) com função sexual preservada e 48 pacientes (24 mulheres) portadoras de hipogonadismo hipogonadotrófico foram submetidos a estudo molecular utilizando técnicas de reação em cadeia da polimerase seguida por digestão enzimática com as enzimas de restrição Nco I (para detecção da mutação pontual Trp8Arg) e Fok I (para detecção da mutação pontual Ile15Thr). Os níveis basais de hormônio luteinizante e FSH, testosterona ou estradiol foram dosados em 37 indivíduos normais (21 mulheres) e 27 pacientes portadores de hipogonadismo hipogonadotrófico (13 mulheres) pelo método imunofluorométrico (hLH-Spec and hFSH-Spec, AutoDELFIA, Wallac Oy, Turku, Finland).RESULTADOS: A variante alélica (Arg8/Thr15) do gene da subunidade b do LH apresentou freqüência similar nos indivíduos saudáveis (14.4%) e nos pacientes portadores de hipogonadismo hipogonadotrófico (16.6%). Não houve interferência da variante alélica do gene da subunidade b do LH nos níveis de LH dos indivíduos normais e dos pacientes portadores de hipogonadismo hipogonadotrófico.CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo indica que a variante alélicaArg8/Thr15 do gene da subunidade b do LH é um polimorfismo comum na população brasileira (14.4%). A freqüência similar dessa variante em indivíduos saudáveis e em portadores de hipogonadismo hipogonadotrófico exclui o papel da variante na etiologia do hipogonadismo hipogonadotrófico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Gene Frequency/genetics , Hypogonadism/genetics , Luteinizing Hormone, beta Subunit/genetics , Arginine Vasopressin/genetics , Brazil , Chi-Square Distribution , Cohort Studies , Fertility/genetics , Luteinizing Hormone, beta Subunit/blood , Threonine/genetics
17.
Rev. mex. patol. clín ; 40(3): 108-13, jul.-sep. 1993. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-124675

ABSTRACT

El síndrome de Prader-Willi se caracteriza por hipotonía muscular, talla baja, obesidad, infantilismo sexual y retardo mental; se ha reconocido heterogeneidad genética. Se presenta un paciente de seis años de edad con estas características clínicas y con deleción 15q13--pter por translocación 5/15 familiar. Se discuten aspectos clínicos, cromosómicos y de asesoramiento genético.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15/ultrastructure , Chromosome Aberrations/genetics , Prader-Willi Syndrome/genetics , Hypogonadism/genetics , Obesity/genetics
19.
Arq. bras. med ; 65(4): 365-71, jul.-ago 1991. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-137682

ABSTRACT

O presente trabalho enfoca a síndrome de Turner, que é uma patologia cuja principal alteraçäo clínica é a baixa estatura, além de outras anomálias ligadas à disfunçäo ovariana. Dentro de um longo período, que vai desde a descoberta de Turner até a época atual, muitos estudos vêm sendo realizados no sentido de evidenciar a fisipatologia e, assim, adquirir-se mais opçöes de tratamento. Nesta revisäo bibliográfica enfocamos principalmente as inovaçöes terapêuticas no sentido de melhorar a perspectiva de vida dentro da sociedade da paciente portadora dessa síndrome


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Body Height/genetics , Gonadal Dysgenesis/etiology , Growth Hormone/therapeutic use , Oxandrolone/therapeutic use , Clinical Laboratory Techniques , Hormones/therapeutic use , Hypogonadism/genetics , Sex Chromosome Aberrations/genetics , Turner Syndrome/complications , Turner Syndrome/diagnosis
20.
Indian Pediatr ; 1991 Jul; 28(7): 799-801
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-15075
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